CBSE is a single national board following an NCERT-based syllabus, used by schools across India and abroad and closely tied to national entrance exams. A state board is run by an individual state, setting its own syllabus — often with more regional language, history and context — and conducting that state's SSC and HSC examinations. State-board schooling is typically more affordable and locally rooted; CBSE offers national consistency and easier transfers between states.
In Indian schools
Whichever board a school follows, it still admits students, collects fees and keeps a register the same way. A school management system handles that administration for a CBSE school and a state-board school alike.